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ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΑ ΝΕΑΣ ΕΡΕΥΝΑΣ 

Ο κορωνοϊός αυξάνει τον κίνδυνο καρδιακής προσβολής και εγκεφαλικού επεισοδίου
  • 02 Oct 2023
  • επικαιρότητα

Οι επιστήμονες έχουν παρατηρήσει ότι ο κορωνοϊός Covid-19 αυξάνει την πιθανότητα καρδιακής προσβολής ή εγκεφαλικού επεισοδίου έως και ένα χρόνο μετά τη μόλυνση, ιδίως για όσους έχουν ήδη υποκείμενες καρδιακές παθήσεις.

Νέα έρευνα, που δημοσιεύεται διαδικτυακά στο περιοδικό «Nature Cardiovascular Research» εντόπισε τους μηχανισμούς που ευθύνονται γι’ αυτούς τους κινδύνους.

Η ερευνητική ομάδα, με επικεφαλής ερευνητές της Ιατρικής Σχολής Grossman του Πανεπιστημίου της Νέας Υόρκης, εντόπισε τον ιό αυτό στις αρτηρίες οκτώ ανδρών και γυναικών με ιστορικό αθηροσκλήρωσης που είχαν πεθάνει από Covid-19. Επίσης, ο κορωνοϊός εντοπίστηκε μέσα σε τοπικά ανοσοποιητικά κύτταρα που ονομάζονται μακροφάγα και κανονικά προστατεύουν την καρδιά, απορρίπτοντας τα περιττά μόρια λίπους στις αρτηρίες. Περαιτέρω πειράματα έδειξαν ότι ως απάντηση στη μόλυνση, τα μακροφάγα απελευθέρωσαν φλεγμονώδεις πρωτεΐνες, που ονομάζονται κυτοκίνες, δύο από τις οποίες έχουν συνδεθεί με καρδιακές προσβολές.

«Ο ιός δημιουργεί ένα ιδιαίτερα φλεγμονώδες περιβάλλον που θα μπορούσε να διευκολύνει την ανάπτυξη της πλάκας, τη ρήξη και την παρεμπόδιση της ροής του αίματος προς την καρδιά, τον εγκέφαλο και άλλα βασικά όργανα», εξηγεί η επικεφαλής συγγραφέας της μελέτης και μεταδιδακτορική συνεργάτιδα στο Τμήμα Ιατρικής του ιατρικού κέντρου Langone Health του Πανεπιστημίου της Νέας Υόρκης, Νατάλια Έμπερχαρντ.

Επιπλέον, οι έρευνες αποκάλυψαν ότι ο κορωνοϊός προσβάλλει περισσότερο άτομα που έχουν ήδη μεγάλες ποσότητες αθηρωματικής πλάκας στις αρτηρίες τους και αυτό εξηγεί εν μέρει γιατί τα άτομα με αθηροσκλήρωση είναι πιο ευάλωτα στην Covid-19.

Οι ερευνητές διευκρινίζουν ότι αναλύθηκαν ιστοί που είχαν μολυνθεί με στελέχη του ιού στις αρχές της πανδημίας και σκοπεύουν να επαναλάβουν τη μελέτη σε άτομα που εκτέθηκαν σε νεότερες παραλλαγές.

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